巧妙利用语言互译 拓展英语教学思路
本文作者： 21ST
编者按:本期本栏目精选了国外教师利用英语和学生母语之间的互译组织课堂活动的实例，帮助老师改进英语课堂教学模式。 Sample bilingual activity Robert Weschler * Lost in translation Step 1: Students are seated in circles of up to 10 students each, counting off 1 to 10. Step 2: Even-numbered students each receive a piece of paper with a different English sentence written across the top. Odd-numbered students each receive a piece of paper with an unrelated sentence written in mother tongue across the top. Step 3: Each person reads his/her sentence, translates it directly below, folds the top of the paper over so only his/her translation shows, and passes his/her paper to the student to his/her right. Step 4: The process continues with translations on the same page going back and forth between English and mother tongue 6 or 7 times. Step 5: Finally, each student unravels the page they’re left holding and reads it out loud, from the top down, to the class. * 在翻译中迷失 第一步:每十名学生围坐成一个圆圈，从1到10报数。 第二步:奇数学生每人拿到一张在最上方写有不同英语句子的纸;偶数学生每人拿到一张在最上方用母语写成的句子的纸。这些句子之间没有关联。 第三步:每名学生阅读并翻译句子，把翻译后的句子写在原句的下方。然后把原句折起，再把纸传递给右边的同学。 第四步:游戏按照这样的步骤进行，学生把每个句子在英语和母语之间互译6或7次。 第五步:每名学生把最后传到自己手中的纸展开，从上到下大声朗读句子。 Using translation Jim Scrivener * English whispers Step 1: Prepare about 15 cards, each with a short everyday phrase, e.g. “Could you spare a moment, please?” Step 2: Ask 7 students to stand in a line at the front of the class. Step 3: Take the first card and give it to the student at one end of the line who looks at the card and then whispers — once only — the message to student two. No one else should hear the sentence. Step 4: Student two now passes the message on in translation to student three， who must whisper it on to the next student in English. The message goes from language to language down the line. Step 5: When the message reaches the end of the line, the first and last student say their messages out loud. It may also be useful to let every student tell others what they have heard and said. Step 6: Play the game again with the next card and so on. Make new lines to give more students a chance to take part. * Translation role-plays Step 1: Prepare a pack of cards with everyday situations on them, e.g. “buying a ticket at the train station”“asking what time the film starts”“booking into a hotel”. Step 2: In groups of three, one student is a foreign tourist who doesn’t speak English. The second one is the person the foreigner is talking to (e.g. a ticket seller who only speaks English) and the third one is the foreigner’s friend who speaks both languages. Step 3: Each group picks one situation card from the pack. They read it together and decide exactly what the role-play will be. Step 4: Then they do it. The friend translates in both directions to help the tourist and the native speaker communicate. * Diplomatic affairs Step 1: Students stand in groups of four: two “ambassadors” and two “interpreters”. Step 2: One “ambassador” only speaks English; the other only speaks his/her mother tongue. The “interpreters” (one working for each ambassador) understand both languages. Step 3: The ambassadors now meet at a “party” and must have a conversation with each other. Step 4: The ambassadors whisper to their interpreters. Each interpreter must then communicate aloud (in translation) what his/her ambassador said to the other ambassador. (If you have a group of three, then only have one interpreter who does all the mediation.) * 低声传话 第一步:准备15张卡片，每张卡片上写一句日常用语，如:“Could you spare a moment, please?”。 第二步:让7名学生在教室前面站成一排。 第三步:把第一张卡片交给站在一头的学生，让这名学生看卡片上的文字然后低声把这句话告诉挨着他的同学（只能说一次）。注意不能让其他人听到传话的内容。 第四步:第二名学生把听到的话翻译成母语，低声告诉挨着他的下一名同学。第三名学生要把听到的话翻译成英语后低声告诉第四名同学。让这句话以英语和母语互译的形式传递。 第五步:当消息传递完成之后，第一名学生和最后一名学生大声说出他们得到的信息。让每名学生说出他们听到的和告诉别人的句子。 第六步:游戏完成后选择下一张卡片和另外7名学生开始新的游戏。 * 翻译情景剧 第一步: 教师准备一包卡片，每张卡片上写有一个日常场景。例如:在火车站买票;询问电影开场时间;预定宾馆房间。 第二步:每三名学生一组，其中一名学生扮演不说英语的外国人;第二名学生扮演和外国人交谈的人（如只会说英语的售票员）;第三名学生扮演外国人的朋友，会说两种语言。 第三步:每组学生选择一张卡片，他们一起讨论决定情景剧的内容。 第四步:让学生演出情景剧。扮演朋友的学生为外国游客和本地人翻译。 * 外交事务 第一步:学生每四人分成一组:两名“大使”和两名“口译者”。 第二步:其中一名“大使”只会说英语，而另外一名“大使”只会说母语。两名“口译者”（每名“口译者”为一位“大使”服务）均会说两种语言。 第三步:两名“大使”在一次聚会中见面，两人必须进行交谈。 第四步:“大使”把自己要说的话低声告诉“口译者”，“口译者”必须把听到的话翻译成英语大声告诉另一名“大使”。（如果每组只有三名学生，那就指定一名作为口译人员。） |  |
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