特色题型专项模拟训练(101895)-高三英语阅读(558)-21英语网

A

任务型阅读（江苏、安徽、湖南题型）：

请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意: 每个空格只填一个单词。

The script is so deeply ingrained (使根深蒂固) that you don’t even need to think about it. When you do a favor, and someone says “thank you”, the automatic response is “you’re welcome.” It’s a basic rule of politeness, and it signals that you accept the expression of gratitude (感激) – or that you were happy to help.

But according to leading psychologist Robert Cialdini, this isn’t the best choice of words. “There is a moment of power that we are all afforded as soon as someone has said ‘thank you,’” Cialdini explains. To take advantage of this power, he recommends an unconventional reply: “I know you’d do the same for me.”

There are at least three potential advantages of this response. First, it conveys that we have the type of relationship where we can ask each other for favors and help each other without keeping score. Second, it communicates confidence that you’re the kind of person who’s willing to help others. Third, it activates the norm of reciprocity (互惠), making sure that you feel obligated (有责任的) to pay the favor back in the future.

However, although there’s nothing wrong with trading favors or asking others to repay the help you’ve given, but when I chose to help people, I wanted to do it without strings (附带条件) attached. I didn’t want to leave them feeling like they owed me. Is there a better alternative?

Adam Rifkin, an entrepreneur who was named Fortune’s best networker, gives a clue: he doesn’t ask you to help him. Instead, he asks you to help him help someone else.

Rifkin is more concerned about people paying it forward than paying it back. In his view, every favor that he does is an opportunity to encourage other people to act more generously. That way, a broader range of people can benefit from his contributions.

Cialdini’s line could be adapted. Instead of “I know you’d do the same for me,” how about, “I know you’ll do the same for someone else.”?

A better 1. _________ to react to someone’s thanks

！！！！！！！！！！！！

B

补全短文题（全国新课标I卷、新课标II卷、北京卷、辽宁卷题型）：

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

When you’re packing for an adventure, what’s the most important thing you’ll need? 1 Or better yet, a GPS. What about other animals, how do they know where they’re going?

While humans depend on technology to travel, some animals have something far more advanced. Researchers, mainly from Oregon State University, US, found that Chinook salmon (鲑鱼) have a “built-in GPS” of the Earth’s magnetic field. 2 It acts like a big map inside their brain.

Scientists placed some baby salmon into a big swimming pool. To simulate (模拟) the Earth’s magnetic field, they put magnetic coils (线圈) all around the pool. Then, by changing the direction of the coils, the salmon began to change their own direction. They started to face in the direction of their ocean feeding area. 3 When the scientists changed the coils to the opposite side, the salmon also turned in the opposite direction. Just by using their “built-in GPS”, the salmon were able to figure out the direction of their feeding area.

4 The scientists believe that their navigation skills came through evolution. The fish that were able to reach the feeding area lived longer. 5 So if you’re ever lost and in need of some help, maybe you should ask a salmon to point you in the right direction!

A. How did Chinook salmon get their “built-in GPS”?

B. If you don’t want to get lost, you’ll need a map!

C. This is a safe place in the ocean where salmon can find food to eat.

D. Then they could pass on their navigation skills to their babies.

E. However, the magnetic field is likely not the only tool salmon use to navigate.

F. It turns out young salmon don’t just learn quickly, they don’t need to learn at all.

G. This means as soon as they are born they are able to direct themselves in the ocean.

C

标题匹配题（浙江、陕西题型）：

下面文章中有5个段落需要添加小标题（第1-5题）。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出适合各段落的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A. Update your profile information often

B. Increase your privacy settings

C. Oversharing may land you in trouble

D. Don’t accept all friend and follower requests

E. Use plug-ins to make your social life secret

F. Just because you’re cautious, don’t assume you’re safe

Here are five things you need to know about how to protect your privacy on social networks and how to avoid serious problems caused by sharing too much information.

1. __________

The biggest error people make is thinking that being alert online removes all risk. Most of the harm we see across all ages is caused by stuff that other people post about you, sometimes even without your knowledge. Anyone can tweet about you and post photos. And thanks to facial-recognition technology, you can always be identified! To take control, set up alerts (警报) with your name, monitor social networks and ask your friends and network to keep you informed.

2. __________

It’s appealing to show off online that you’re on a beach holiday. Or that you’ve gained 15 pounds after the holidays. But if you do so, you may well be handing over your life’s keys. This information is now known to be used by home intruders (侵入者), insurance companies, health care providers, employers, etc.

3. __________

When starting out on a social network, it’s tempting to accept every friend or follow request that you receive. On Twitter specifically, if you don’t have your tweets protected, anyone will be able to follow you and see your updates. The basic rule is to only accept requests from friends and family. This will help avoid strangers having access to your profile information.

4. __________

If you are really concerned with your privacy online, you can download a free plug-in (插件程序) from uProtect.it that allows you to post and put photos on Facebook in a way that even Facebook can’t see them! And you can delete them completely whenever you want. If you use this solution, you can post whatever you want and then set the “nuclear option” to delete everything when you need to.

5. ___________

Set your privacy settings to the highest level on social networks. By doing so, you have more control over who can and cannot post on your wall or who can follow you. You have more control over whether or not outsiders can access your personal information.

D

阅读表达（天津、湖南、上海题型）：

阅读下面短文并用英语回答问题（请注意题目后面的词数要求）。

When a university professor asked students to put on Superman T-shirts, there was a scientific reason behind the request. Professor Karen Pine wanted to know whether the heroic clothing could really have an unconscious effect on the students’ thought processes. Her suspicions (猜测) ___________.

She found it improved their impression of themselves and made them believe they were physically stronger than students in their own clothing. This, and other discoveries of how clothing can change our minds, is the topic of her new book called Mind What You Wear: The Psychology of Fashion.

It is natural to think of clothing as mere covering, or the means by which we project our image to other people. But studies have shown clothes can influence the wearer too, affecting their thought processes and influencing their mood.