高一期中阅读专项练习
本文作者： 21ST
A In kindergarten, my class was asked, “What do you want to be when you grow up?” Crayons (蜡笔) danced across sheets of paper to illustrate our dream occupations. Our drawings were hung in the hallway for our parents to see at Back to School Night. I remember looking down the line and seeing pictures of ballerinas (芭蕾舞女) dancing, firefighters putting out a blaze, and astronauts leaping (跳跃) across the moon–careers that were seen as typical dreams of five–year–olds. My picture showed a stick figure with brown hair holding a carton (纸板箱) of orange juice over a large rectangle (矩形) that was supposed to be a counter. Underneath was my barely legible (清晰的) handwriting: “When I grow up, I want to work at the Market Basket because it would be fun to swipe orange juice across the scanner.” To this day my parents won’t let me forget that out of everything I could have aspired (渴望) to be, my five–year–old self wished to work at the local grocery store. When we are young, questions of what we want to be when we grow up are common. Yet we are not expected to respond with an answer that is likely to come true. However, when we become teens, we are asked the very same question twice as often. The difference is, now we are supposed to answer with confidence. Teens are expected to know exactly what we want to be and how we are going to achieve that goal. Not all of us can be so sure. Even though I am in high school, I cannot answer convincingly. But I don’t consider that a bad thing. How am I supposed to know what I will want to spend my time doing at age 40? When I think about the future, I definitely don’t see myself working at the Market Basket, but in reality, if that was what would make me happy, I would do it. So, the next time someone asks me what I want to be when I grow up, I will simply say “happy”. Happiness is a destination for everyone. We may want to walk different paths in life, but we all want to be happy wherever we end up. Choose your path, but don’t worry too much about choosing wisely. Make a mistake or two and try new things. But always remember, if you’re not happy, you’re not at the end of your journey yet. By Sara D., Wyckoff, NJ 1. What did the author want to be when she was in kindergarten? A. A dancer. B. A firefighter. C. An astronaut. D. A cashier (收银员) in a grocery store. 2. According to the author, when asked what they want to be, teenagers _____. A. are sure about what they want to be B. are expected not to have the kind of ideas children have C. might not be able to give a convincing answer D. becomes more confident about his or her abilities 3. What does the last paragraph suggest? A. We should stick to what we set out to do. B. Everyone deserves to be happy in the end. C. We are happy as long as we make only a few mistakes D. Never stop trying to find happiness. 4. The point of the article is to ______. A. tell an unusual childhood story B. share thoughts about careers and happiness C. explain how to achieve happiness D. draw attention to childhood dreams B Stopping teens from smoking is a big challenge many communities face today. Many communities can only watch without being able to act while local businesses continue to sell tobacco products to children, even under risk of punishment by law. Recent studies show that a large percentage of teens today are getting their cigarettes from stores, mostly gas stations or convenience store. As teens continue to be able to buy their own cigarettes, more and more communities begin to impose stronger punishments on merchants who sell to teens. One community has experienced success in their attempts to stop the sale of tobacco products to children. Woodridge, Illinois, started a program seven years ago which forbade and strictly punished the sale of tobacco products to children. The entire program includes local licensing of selling, repeated undercover inspections to see if the sale to minors has stopped, and education programs in schools. Woodridge has become a model community as other communities are moving to stop teen tobacco use. A recent national study showed that 36.5% of females and 40.8% of males buy their cigarettes from stores, whether it be a gas station or a supermarket. Hopefully, as more and more merchants see the trouble they face if caught selling to minors, they will stop selling. True, placing pressure on stores that sell tobacco to children isn’t going to completely stop the problem of teen tobacco use. Teens continue to get them from other sources. But it definitely does make it more difficult for them. With more education in schools, and perhaps stronger punishments for teens caught with tobacco, more and more teens will see the problems with the tobacco usage, and will stop the habit. 5. To stop teens from smoking, more and more communities are _____. A. punishing those who sell cigarettes to teens more severely B. punishing teens caught with tobacco more severely C. educating those who sell cigarettes about the danger of teen smoking D. stopping the sale of tobacco products in stores 6. Which of the following is NOT a method Woodridge uses to stop the sale of tobacco products to children? A. Local licensing of tobacco sale. B. Repeated undercover inspections. C. Education programs in schools. D. Stronger punishment of teens caught smoking. 7. The passage tell us that ______. A. teens can only buy cigarettes from stores B. the Woodridge practice is being adopted by most communities in the US C. more males than females smoke D. punishment alone cannot solve the problem of teen tobacco use 8. What attitude does the article have about stopping teen tobacco abuse? A. Pessimistic . B. Optimistic C. Uncertain. D. Indifferent. C Chocolate might lower your chances of having a heart problem. According to a new study, a small amount of chocolate every day could decrease the risk of having a heart attack by nearly 40 percent. German researchers followed nearly 20,000 people over eight years, sending them several questionnaires about their diet and exercise habits. They found people who had an average of six grams of chocolate a day — or about one square of a chocolate bar — had a 39 percent lower risk of a heart attack. Previous studies have suggested dark chocolate in small amounts could be good for you, but this is the first study to track (追踪) its effects over such a long period. Experts think the flavonols (黄酮醇) contained in chocolate are responsible. Flavonols, also found in vegetables and red wine, help the muscles in blood vessels (血管) widen, which leads to a drop in blood pressure. “It’s a bit too early to come up with recommendations (建议) that people should eat more chocolate, but if people replace sugar or high-fat snacks with a little piece of dark chocolate, that might help,” said Brian Buijsse, a doctor at the German Institute of Human Nutrition in Nuthetal, Germany, the study’s lead author. The people tracked by Buijsse and colleagues had no history of heart problems, had similar habits for risk factors like smoking and exercise, and did not vary widely in their Body Mass Index (身体质量指数). Since the study only observed people and did not give them chocolate directly to test what its effects were, experts said more research was needed to determine the candy’s exact impact on the body. Doctors also warned that eating large amounts of chocolate could lead to weight gain. “This is not a prescription (指示) to eat more chocolate,” said Robert Eckel, a professor of medicine at the University of Colorado who is not linked to the study. “If we all had (a small amount of) chocolate every day for the rest of our lives, we would all gain a few pounds.” Eckel said it was amazing to find such a small amount of chocolate could have such a protective effect, but that more studies were needed to confirm (证实) its conclusions. 9. What is the point of the article? A. To suggest people eat more dark chocolate. B. To warn people not to eat too much chocolate. C. To tell people how to avoid a heart attack. D. To report on a study about the benefits of chocolate. 3. Which of the following statements about the study is FALSE? A. This was the first study on the effects of dark chocolate. B. The researchers followed nearly 20,000 people for over eight years. C. The researchers didn’t give any diet instructions to the people followed by the study. D. The study found that eating about six grams of chocolate a day was beneficial. 4. We can conclude from the text that _______. A. Flavonols can only be found in dark chocolate and red wine B. scientists are now certain of the effects of dark chocolate C. eating a little chocolate over a long period will not lead to weight gain D. a small amount of dark chocolate will do you good by lowering your blood pressure 11. The man felt thankful for the writer because ______. A. she offered him coffee and food for free B. she knew exactly how the man felt C. she was genuinely kind to him in a time of need D. she comforted him by sharing his pain 12. What can we learn from the passage? A. Don’t count your eggs until they are hatched. B. A man is happy so long as he chooses to be happy. C. The quality of your life is the quality of your relationships. D. If you light a lamp for someone, it will also brighten your path. D ‘We are such stuff as dreams are made on and our little life is rounded with a sleep.’ – Prospero, The Tempest, Shakespeare Does this sentence make you think? What does it make you think about? Shakespeare was a dreamer, and some say he was a philosopher too. In this sentence he tells us that our lives are short but we can think up big and important ideas in that short time. The two Greek words “philo”, which means love, and ‘sophia’, which means wisdom, are the beginnings of the word we use today – philosophy: the love of wisdom. Most people have a philosophy on life. Everybody has an idea of what is right and what is wrong, and why things are the way they are, and who they are and who to trust. A lot of people believe somebody else’s philosophy. That person may be a religious or political leader, or anybody you look up to. Some people have their own philosophy on life, which might be a mixture of theories. Others are philosophers; people who want to know the truth about life for themselves and spend their time studying, thinking and asking questions. Why do we need philosophy? There are plenty of people who think that killing animals is cruel, but eating animals is fine. If you are one of these people, you should ask yourself why. Why is killing animals cruel? Why is it all right to eat animals? You might find that the answer to each question is very different and you could have an argument by yourself using your own ideas. Go on and argue – you will understand more about what you believe. You will begin to understand the subject more deeply. And this helps you to feel comfortable with it. And you might change something or you might not. When we ask ourselves questions, we start to understand ourselves and our lives, and it’s up to us to make changes or not. If the ideas in your head agree, this means you have integrity. What you say and what you do are the same. Everyone respects someone who has integrity. By thinking and questioning, we can understand more and perhaps prevent problems caused by misunderstanding. But philosophy can also cause problems and conflict when people don’t agree. When one group of people choose one philosophy to believe and another group of people choose a different philosophy, when they need to think or make a decision together, they start trying to change each other instead of working together on bigger ideas about life. So when you have some spare time, ask yourself the following philosophical questions: Does the world own us or do we own the world? If a tree falls where nobody can hear it, does it make a sound? And the Zen Buddhist (佛教的) riddle: What is the sound of one hand clapping? By Julie Bray 13. Why does the writer start with a quote from Shakespeare’s Prospero? A. Because the writer wants to introduce Shakespeare to those who don’t know his work. B. Because the writer thinks it shows Shakespeare’s philosophy. C. Because the writer thinks it will inspire us to seize the moment. D. Because this story is mostly about dreams and ideas. 14. According to the text, a person who loves philosophy _______. A. does not believe others’ philosophy B. tend to take up religion or politics C. thinks deeply about the world and life D. does not trust others easily 15. According to the writer, one reason we need philosophy is that it ______. A. promotes understanding B. solve disagreements C. helps us change for the better D. makes us more skillful at life 16. Which of the following would the writer probably agree with? A. It is wrong to think that killing animals is cruel, but eating animals is fine. B. By believing someone else’s philosophy, many people lose their own wisdom. C. Philosophical questions are often too tough for common people. D. We may not be aware of what we ourselves believe. E How to Study Smarter, Not Harder Here are some of our favorite study tips that will help any student study smarter, not harder: Recite As You Study Reciting–saying things out loud–should first take place as you read through each paragraph or section. Test yourself. This will help you to understand as well as learn faster because it is more active than reading or listening. It will also help you to notice your mistakes and the topics you have trouble understanding. Take Fuller Notes Notes should be in your own words, brief and clear. They should be tidy and easy to read. Writing notes will help you better than just underlining as you read, since it forces you to re-write ideas in your own words. Study the Middle The best time to review is soon after you’ve learned something. You are more likely to remember the material at the beginning and the end of the lesson, so make sure you focus on the middle when you review. Sleep On It Study before going to bed, unless you are very tired. It’s easier to remember material you’ve just learned after sleeping than after an equal period of daytime activity, because your brain continues to think even after you’ve fallen asleep. Combine Memory and Understanding There are two ways to remember: by memorizing and by understanding. Multiplication tables, telephone numbers, and math formulas are better learned by rote. Ideas are best learned by understanding. The more ways you have to think about an idea, the more meaning it will have; the more meaningful the learning, the better you can remember it. Pay attention to similarities in ideas and concepts, and then try to understand how they fit in with things you already know. Never be satisfied with anything less than a completely clear understanding of what you are reading. If you are not able to follow the thought, go back to the place where you first got confused and try again. 1. You can notice your mistakes by ______. A. saying things out aloud B. taking notes C. studying the middle D. sleeping on it 2. When taking notes, you should ______ to better help you with reading. A. underline important notes B. write notes in your own words C. take down every detail D. writer as quickly as possible 3. The writer advises you to ______ as it is easier for you to remember material. A. study after a period of activity B. do some exercise after studying C. study as soon as you get up D. study before going to sleep 4. The underlined word "rote" in the second paragraph from the bottom probably means ______. A. reading B. memorizing C. understanding D. writing 5. Which of the following is NOT helpful for your understanding? A. Thinking about an idea in different ways. B. Relate ideas and concept with what you already know. C. Reading from the beginning to the end without stop. D. Going back to what first made youconfused and start again. 9. What is the point of the article? A. To suggest people eat more dark chocolate. B. To warn people not to eat too much chocolate. C. To tell people how to avoid a heart attack. D. To report on a study about the benefits of chocolate. 10. Both Buijsse and Eckel believe that _______. A. we should eat as much dark chocolate as possible B. we should try to avoid other sweet foods C. we should not advise people to eat more chocolate at present D. we should cure our heart problems with dark chocolate 11. Which of the following statements about the study is FALSE? A. This was the first study on the effects of dark chocolate. B. The researchers followed nearly 20,000 people for over eight years. C. The researchers didn’t give any diet instructions to the people followed by the study. D. The study found that eating about six grams of chocolate a day was beneficial. 12. We can conclude from the text that _______. A. flavonols can only be found in dark chocolate and red wine B. scientists are now certain of the effects of dark chocolate C. eating a little chocolate over a long period will not lead to weight gain D. a small amount of dark chocolate will do you good by lowering your blood pressure D ‘We are such stuff as dreams are made on and our little life is rounded with a sleep.’ – Prospero, The Tempest, Shakespeare Does this sentence make you think? What does it make you think about? Shakespeare was a dreamer, and some say he was a philosopher too. In this sentence he tells us that our lives are short but we can think up big and important ideas in that short time. The two Greek words “philo”, which means love, and “sophia”, which means wisdom, are the beginnings of the word we use today – philosophy: the love of wisdom. Most people have a philosophy on life. Everybody has an idea of what is right and what is wrong, and why things are the way they are, and who they are and who to trust. A lot of people believe somebody else’s philosophy. That person may be a religious or political leader, or anybody you look up to. Some people have their own philosophy on life, which might be a mixture of theories. Others are philosophers; people who want to know the truth about life for themselves and spend their time studying, thinking and asking questions. Why do we need philosophy? There are plenty of people who think that killing animals is cruel, but eating animals is fine. If you are one of these people, you should ask yourself why. Why is killing animals cruel? Why is it all right to eat animals? You might find that the answer to each question is very different and you could have an argument by yourself using your own ideas. Go on and argue – you will understand more about what you believe. You will begin to understand the subject more deeply. And this helps you to feel comfortable with it. And you might change something or you might not. When we ask ourselves questions, we start to understand ourselves and our lives, and it’s up to us to make changes or not. If the ideas in your head agree, this means you have integrity. What you say and what you do are the same. Everyone respects someone who has integrity. By thinking and questioning, we can understand more and perhaps prevent problems caused by misunderstanding. But philosophy can also cause problems and conflict when people don’t agree. When one group of people choose one philosophy to believe and another group of people choose a different philosophy, when they need to think or make a decision together, they start trying to change each other instead of working together on bigger ideas about life. So when you have some spare time, ask yourself the following philosophical questions: Does the world own us or do we own the world? If a tree falls where nobody can hear it, does it make a sound? And the Zen Buddhist (佛教的) riddle: What is the sound of one hand clapping? By Julie Bray 13. Why does the writer start with a quote from Shakespeare’s Prospero? A. Because the writer wants to introduce Shakespeare to those who don’t know his work. B. Because the writer thinks it shows Shakespeare’s philosophy. C. Because the writer thinks it will inspire us to seize the moment. D. Because this story is mostly about dreams and ideas. 14. According to the text, a person who loves philosophy _______. A. does not believe others’ philosophy B. tend to take up religion or politics C. thinks deeply about the world and life D. does not trust others easily 15. According to the writer, one reason we need philosophy is that it ______. A. promotes understanding B. solve disagreements C. helps us change for the better D. makes us more skillful at life 16. Which of the following would the writer probably agree with? A. It is wrong to think that killing animals is cruel, but eating animals is fine. B. By believing someone else’s philosophy, many people lose their own wisdom. C. Philosophical questions are often too tough for common people. D. We may not be aware of what we ourselves believe. E How to Study Smarter, Not Harder Here are some of our favorite study tips that will help any student study smarter, not harder: Recite As You Study Reciting–saying things out loud–should first take place as you read through each paragraph or section. Test yourself. This will help you to understand as well as learn faster because it is more active than reading or listening. It will also help you to notice your mistakes and the topics you have trouble understanding. Take Fuller Notes Notes should be in your own words, brief and clear. They should be tidy and easy to read. Writing notes will help you better than just underlining as you read, since it forces you to re-write ideas in your own words. Study the Middle The best time to review is soon after you’ve learned something. You are more likely to remember the material at the beginning and the end of the lesson, so make sure you focus on the middle when you review. Sleep On It Study before going to bed, unless you are very tired. It’s easier to remember material you’ve just learned after sleeping than after an equal period of daytime activity, because your brain continues to think even after you’ve fallen asleep. Combine Memory and Understanding There are two ways to remember: by memorizing and by understanding. Multiplication tables, telephone numbers, and math formulas are better learned by rote. Ideas are best learned by understanding. The more ways you have to think about an idea, the more meaning it will have; the more meaningful the learning, the better you can remember it. Pay attention to similarities in ideas and concepts, and then try to understand how they fit in with things you already know. Never be satisfied with anything less than a completely clear understanding of what you are reading. If you are not able to follow the thought, go back to the place where you first got confused and try again. 17. You can notice your mistakes by ______. A. saying things out aloud B. taking notes C. studying the middle D. sleeping on it 18. When taking notes, you should ______ to better help you with reading. A. underline important notes B. write notes in your own words C. take down every detail D. write as quickly as possible 19. The writer advises you to ______ as it is easier for you to remember material. A. study after a period of activity B. do some exercise after studying C. study as soon as you get up D. study before going to sleep 20. Which of the following is NOT helpful for your understanding? A. Thinking about an idea in different ways. B. Relating ideas and concepts with what you already know. C. Reading from the beginning to the end without stop. D. Going back to what first made you confused and start again. (答案见下期） |  |
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