议论文类阅读理解模拟训练
本文作者： 21ST
A I am a vegetarian (素食主义者). Many people are quick to stereotype (产生成见) vegetarianism as strange behavior, appropriate for those on another planet. I treasure our Earth, and since we only have one, we should protect it and the wildlife on it. But that’s only one reason to be a vegetarian. Vegetarians may live longer, healthier lives. There is a connection between red meat consumption (消费) and diseases including osteoporosis (骨质疏松症), kidney stones, and diabetes. From an economic standpoint, it requires less land, money, and energy to produce foods for a vegetarian diet. While there are many benefits to being a vegetarian, only a handful of those who attempt to adopt this lifestyle succeed. The most important quality to be a vegetarian is dedication. We are surrounded by meat. It is easy to give up vegetarianism at any moment and eat a steak. This is why vegetarians must be firm. Creativity is almost as important as commitment. It’s easy to tire of eating nothing but salad. But with a little creativity and some soy products, almost any meal can become vegetarian-friendly. Many ethnic cuisines (少数民族烹饪) also offer tasteful options. Studying these cultures is an excellent way to find new ideas. Another is to go to a restaurant that specializes in vegetarian food. This can lead to plenty of creative ideas. Not everyone wants to be a vegetarian. Accepting this is part of being a vegetarian with style. Forcing your beliefs on others, by giving them long lectures on the nutritional benefits of not eating meat is disrespectful. To become a stylish (时尚的) vegetarian, you have to do your research about different types of vegetarianism, and learn as much nutritional information as possible. Your goal as a stylish vegetarian is to be healthy, not trendy. Don’t become a vegetarian just because a celebrity says it’s cool. Vegetarianism is an important cause that more people should support. PETA (善待动物协会) says that every vegetarian saves over a hundred animals a year. Not only is being a vegetarian healthy, but it also has a positive impact on the world. 1. The underlined word “dedication” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______. A. always reminding oneself of a promise B. trying to influence others C. sticking to a decision D. not being forced by others 2. The author believes that vegetarians ______. A. lead a greener and healthier life than non-vegetarians B. have more nutritional knowledge than non-vegetarians C. are happier and less likely to become ill than non-vegetarians D. come up with more creative ideas than non-vegetarians 3. To be a stylish vegetarian, the author’s suggestion is to ______. A. try to make vegetarianism a trend B. create new vegetarian-friendly foods C. share nutritional facts about vegetarianism D. be respectful to those who don’t support vegetarianism 4. The article is mainly about ______. A. the benefits of vegetarianism B. the difficulties of being a vegetarian C. important qualities of the stylish vegetarian D. why one should be a vegetarian and how one can enjoy it B Micro-blogging is popular just about everywhere in the world, including China. Recently Yao Chen became the first micro-blogger in China to reach 9 million followers, on Sina.com’s Weibo. She is catching up with singer Justin Bieber (10 million followers) and Lady Gaga (11 million followers) on Twitter. It would seem our interest in celebrities is endless. Worse yet, not only do we admire entertainers and athletes, we model our behavior on them, by sending out our own micro messages. We think that we, too, are celebrities, self-indulgently (放任自我地) posting our daily activities and thoughts. It’s as if our every word is gold. But in fact, we don’t really think about what we are posting. Even the tweets and micro messages of celebrities are rather shallow (浅薄的). So why do we feel so good when we send out these short communications? Researchers at Princeton and Harvard Universities (Emily Pronin and Daniel Wegner) have found that short activities make us feel powerful and creative. Speedy activities give us a happy feeling. So we keep on sending out our micro messages, regardless of the content and finally send out messages or photos that we regret. Let’s look at an example. The NBA basketball “King”, “King James” LeBron started tweeting in July of 2010, just before announcing that he would join the Miami Heat. He proudly tweeted for almost a year, bragging (吹嘘) how he would help the Heat win the championship. Me, me, me. I am the best. But he and his team fell short. In this case, LeBron James has gone too far in “sharing”. He has forgotten what it means to have dignity (尊严) and purpose in his personal and public lives. The Scottish novelist Robert Louis Stevenson once wrote: “The body is a house of many windows. There we all sit, showing ourselves and crying on the passers-by to come and love us.” Yes, everyone wants to be loved. But keeping our private lives private is a good thing. We don’t need fans to find meaning in our lives. By Susan Chyn 5. The author mentions Yao Chen in Paragraph 2 in order to ______. A. show that Chinese celebrities can compete with international ones B. highlight the influence of celebrities on micro-blogging C. encourage more people to take up micro-blogging D. question the popularity of celebrity micro-blogging 6. According to the article, micro-blogging is popular because it ______. A. lets people comment freely on others’ micro-blogs B. makes people feel like celebrities themselves C. helps people share their daily activities and thoughts D. helps people get in touch with their favorite celebrities 7. LeBron James is used to show that ______. A. we should consider carefully what we post in micro-blogs B. athletes need not share their feelings with their fans C. everyone wants to get attention and be loved D. people need clearly to separate their private and public lives 8. The point of the article is to ______. A. analyze the role of micro-blogging in life B. criticze the negative effects of micro-blogging C. show the silliness of indulging in micro-blogging D. point out why we need to be cautious in micro-blogging C “John, how did you raise such perfect, high-achieving children? Is it because you’re Chinese?” “I’m not Chinese.” It is true. I am not Chinese. But believe me, I have found a method that works: a little technique I call the “Panda Father”. For example, when one of my daughters says to me, “Daddy, I don’t want to practice the marimba (木琴) all day,” I respond, “If you don’t, I’m going to cut your arm off.” She says, “no you won’t,” and walks away to check her Facebook page. This is the Panda Father method working at its best. Many Western parents are probably aghast at my Panda Father methods. However, you have to be tough. For example, as far as I know, here are a few things that I never let my children do: Have fun. Score a B or worse. Receive any compliments for anything. It’s all part of the Panda Father technique: don’t get bogged (陷入) down in the minutia (琐事) of your children’s lives. For example, once, after my daughters refused to stay up late memorizing the periodic table in Urdu, I took their presents from under the Christmas tree, threw them on the driveway, and then drove back and forth over them in our minivan while screaming, “I bet you wished you’d studied now!” The Panda Father is willing to go to any length to help his children achieve academic success. What many Western parents refuse to accept is that children actually want tough love. When I demand that my daughter keep her bedroom tidy, I show that I love her. When she demands $40 to clean her room, it shows that she understands Adam Smith and the free market, an important part of scoring a five on the AP macroeconomics (宏观经济学) exam. This just proves the Panda Father Method. Every child can get a perfect SAT score if you yell loudly enough. It’s true there are times when situations arise that test even my advanced child-raising skills. The savvy (智慧的) Panda Father knows just what to say: ask your Tiger Mother. By John Kelly 9. The purpose of this article is to ______. A. praise Panda Father and Tiger Mother Methods B. make fun of tough parenting methods C. show children learn best when deprived of fun D. give advice on child-raising skills 10. The example of asking the daughter to practice the marimba is used to show ______. A. that academic achievements are more important than children’s health B. that threatening actually takes no effect at all C. that children love the Internet more than music D. that anything could be sacrificed if the children do not work hard enough 11.The underlined word “aghast” is closest in meaning to ______. A. confused B. amused C. interested D. shocked 12. We can infer from the article that ______. A. the father is trying to control the kids in an extreme way B. most western parents let their children have their own way C. the author’s daughter never takes his words seriously D. the author’s children have never had fun D It’s good to make mistakes, and here is why. First of all, mistakes are a clear sign that you are trying new things. It’s always good to try new things because when you are trying new things you are growing. If you never try anything new, how can you improve? How can you expand? The simple answer is “You can’t”. Look around you. With very few exceptions (例外), either everything you see in your physical world or every single detail of every single thing is the result of someone trying something new. Another good thing about mistakes is this: When you are making mistakes, you are learning. Consider this: Edison failed 10,000 times before he perfected the light bulb. When asked how it felt to fail that many times, he said that he hadn’t failed 10,000 times, but rather had learned 10,000 things that didn’t work. Finally, when you make a mistake you are much closer to success. Why? Because when all is said and done, you will have tried some number of things before you succeeded. Every time you make a mistake you eliminate one of those things and are one step closer. But this all doesn’t mean that you should go ahead without considering the consequences of a mistake. Quite the contrary, when you try something new you have to be willing to set some reasonable limits so that in the event that it doesn’t work out the way you want it to, you will be in a position to try again. We all have limited resources in the form of time and money so don’t blow them all on one approach to a problem. Realize that it probably won’t be perfect the first time and allocate (分配) these resources appropriately so you can learn, make corrections, and try it again. Only by accepting and using your mistakes in this way can you make significant advances in your business and your career. There is an old saying that goes, “If you’re not making mistakes, you’re not trying hard enough.” So go forth and make mistakes. And learn. And grow. And prosper. 13. From the second paragraph, we can conclude that ______. A. mistakes are unnecessary for development B. we are afraid of trying new things C. it’s common for people to make mistakes D. mistakes are better than not trying 14. The underlined word “eliminate” means ______. A. avoid B. dismiss C. accept D. solve 15. According to the article, one thing you should pay attention to about making mistakes is _______. A. avoiding making the same mistakes B. accepting the punishment willingly C. taking consequences into account D. trying things out one by one 16. The article is mainly about ______. A. how to deal with mistakes. B. what benefits mistakes bring C. how to achieve success D. how to make use of your mistakes 17. What would the writer probably suggest we say to ourselves when we make a mistake? A. Never mind, I can always try again. B. I’d better stay out of trouble. C. Great! Now I can learn something. D. Look at this mess. Anyone would be upset. E The simple tale of town and country mouse (taken from Aesop’s famous stories) shows that what may be a good place to live for one person, may not be good for another. A modern version of this tale might look like this: Maria lives in a big city surrounded by the speed and convenience of urban life. She works in an office with 1,000 other employees, and travels to and from there on a crowded metro (地铁). Her home is a flat overlooking a busy city street, which is always alive with the sound of traffic and people passing by. After work she meets with friends in a bar or restaurant before going on to a disco or nightclub. Weekends are spent in the shopping mall with its numerous shops, multi-screen cinemas, fast food outlets and entertainment complexes. Alex, however, lives in a small village in the countryside. He cycles to work down country lanes every morning; the sound of tractors, birds and animals in his ears. In the evening, he relaxes at home in front of the fire with a good book to read. At weekends, he goes for long walks in the fields with his dog. Unfortunately, life is not as simple as stories make it. A lot of today’s ‘town mice’ such as Maria would be happy to live in the country. Many modern cities have very large populations and can be crowded, dirty and dangerous places to live. More than half the world’s population now lives in cities. In much of Europe and North America this can be as high as 80 percent of a country’s population. The 18th century marked the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the depopulation of the countryside and the move to towns. The towns became places of mass employment in factories and offices. Today, many town dwellers (居民) wish to reverse (颠倒) this trend and return to a slower pace of life like Alex, our modern ‘country mouse’. Yet, a modern country existence is not without its problems: poor transport, a lack of access to hospitals and education, and a scarcity of services such as large shops, banks and entertainment. The debate between town and country is meaningless these days, as so many people live in towns, and very few people are actually able to choose where they live; this is decided by their work or birth. The Internet and other mass media have linked country areas to the world, providing access to information – even to remote areas. If people are to be persuaded to stay in the countryside, other benefits of the city need to be available (employment, health care and education). On the other hand, the introduction of city parks and forests, and traffic-free zones, has helped in bringing a little of the countryside to the city streets. This article is written by Julie Bray provided by 18. Why did the writer give the example of the modern version of town and country mouse? A. To prove that what may be a good place to live for one person may not be suitable for another. B. To show that people living in town long for life in the countryside and vice versa (反之亦然). C. To describe what city life and country life look like in stories so as to put forward their problems in real life. D. To point out the difference between the classical Aesop’s fable and its modern version. 19. What dose the underlined word “scarcity” probably mean? A. fear B. need C. problem D. shortage 20. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Town life is obviously better than the country life for most people. B. Most people are living in cities in developed western countries. C. People first moved from the countryside to towns in the 18th century. D. The Internet has solved the problems for people moving to the countryside. 21. What can we infer from the reading passage? A. Both country life and urban life should be improved to provide people with better living conditions. B. People from the countryside find it hard to adjust to the fast-paced life in the big cities. C. Most city dwellers have decided to give up town life and move to live in the countryside. D. Nowadays people have enough freedom to choose wherever to live and work. (答案和解析见A34版） |  |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
京公网安备 11010502033664号