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本文作者： 21ST
A Germany’s postal service has announced plans to explore improved service and help protect the environment by getting “fetch friends” – ordinary people traveling across cities – to deliver parcels on their way. It is hoped that the move, which will be tested in the coming months, might lessen traffic in inner cities and reduce CO2 emissions (排放). This should help DHL, a division of the German postal service, reach its target of improving the company’s carbon efficiency by 30 percent before 2020. “As the world’s biggest logistics (物流) provider, we recognize a special responsibility to reduce the impact on the environment as much as possible,” said Frank Appel, Chief Executive Officer of Deutsche Post DHL, in a statement referring to a variety of measures being considered. The “fetch friends” find out online about parcels that need delivering to people who live or work along the way that they are planning to travel through the city. They then select the ones they want to take. Codes (编码) sent to their mobile phones tell the volunteers where to pick the packages up. Parcels can be taken part of the way or passed on to another volunteer but all volunteers need to have the right code on their mobile phone so the track and trace (追踪) system can be updated. Logistics companies will be responsible for looking after the operation to make sure that the privacy of post is respected. It’s hoped this could be done using mobile phones but DHL says it recognizes that some security issues remain to be worked out. 1. According to the article, the “fetch friends” program ________. A. has been tested for months B. aims to reduce the cost of the service C. employs college students to deliver parcels D. encourages ordinary people to help with deliveries 2. Which of the following statements is TRUE of DHL? A. It has the most up-to-date tracking system in Germany. B. It intends to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions. C. It has designed many measures to improve its service. D. It is the main provider for the German postal services. 3. What may be a problem with the new service according to the article? A. The possibility that parcels could be opened on the way. B. Recipients might not trust unprofessional deliverers. C. Volunteers should not be allowed to select parcels. D. Mobile phone service quality is unstable in Germany. 4. The article is mainly about ________. A. new challenges for the postal service B. a greener way to deliver parcels C. a new trend in postal services D. possible solutions for logistics companies B For many New Yorkers, the appeal of high-rise buildings on the east side of Central Park is that these buildings are convenient to the place they work. But if you ask them the names of their neighbors, they probably could not answer. However, despite the common belief that living in a New York apartment building is living on one’s own, throughout the city there are many social buildings. These are places where it is normal for neighbors to have barbeques and wine-and-cheese parties, and where celebrating the birthday of a neighbor down the hallway is a regular event. A recent poll (投票) showed that some 35% of those asked do socialize with their neighbors. How certain buildings become “social” is a mystery, but in many cases the social atmosphere develops organically at a young age – 20s through to 40s – and there is a mix of singles, couples, and families. Apparently it helps if the building is new and everyone who lives there has recently arrived. This makes it less challenging and more likely for people to start conversations with basic questions about where they come from and what kind of work they do. A simple question about the best place in the neighborhood to buy bread, wine, or coffee can be the start of a new friendship. In some such buildings the presence of children and dogs leads to increased conversation and social activities among neighbors. Another part is having a common space where people who live in apartments can gather in the late afternoon for conversation or on a weekend for a picnic at tables under umbrellas. Some buildings have monthly dinners on the roof in the summer months and book discussion groups in the winter months. For many New Yorkers, a chance to sit down with people of different occupations, origins, and interests makes these social buildings attractive alternatives to being alone at the end of the day. 5. We can infer from the first two paragraphs that ________. A. the high-rise buildings near Central Park are very famous in New York B. many New Yorkers can’t afford an apartment in a high-rise building C. the idea that New Yorkers never know their neighbors might be wrong D. it’s a tradition for New Yorkers to celebrate birthdays with neighbors 6. According to the text, social buildings are where many New Yorkers ______. A. hang out with their neighbors B. celebrate a neighbor’s birthday C. have wine-and-cheese parties D. All of the above 7. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. More than half of those surveyed socialize with their neighbors. B. Children and dogs play the most active role in social buildings. C. Researchers know exactly the reasons why buildings become “social”. D. People often start up friendships with simple questions about the neighborhood. 8. What is the main point of the article? A. Social buildings are becoming common in New York. B. It’s easier to make friends with neighbors in new buildings. C. Young New Yorkers are more sociable than older generations. D. There are certain ways to establish a friendship with neighbors in high-rise buildings. C Rotting teeth and gums. Diseased lungs. A sewn-up dead body of a smoker. Cigarette smoke coming out of a hole in a man’s neck. Cigarette packs in the US will have to carry these horrible images in nine new warning labels that are part of a campaign by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to use fear to discourage Americans from lighting up. The labels, announced on Tuesday, represent the biggest change in cigarette packs in the US in 25 years. At a time when the drop in the nation’s smoking rate has halted (停止), the government is hoping the in-your-face labels will go further than the current surgeon general warnings, like “smoking causes cancer”, toward cutting tobacco use, which is responsible for about 443,000 deaths a year in the US. “These labels are honest and powerful depictions (描绘) of the health risks of smoking,” Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said in a statement. The FDA expects the labels will cut the number of smokers by 213,000 in 2013, with smaller additional reductions through 2031. Other countries such as Canada and Uruguay have used such frightening warnings for years, and various studies suggest they encourage people to quit. But exactly how effective they are is a matter of debate, since the warnings are usually accompanied by other government efforts to stamp out smoking. “I think it’s a great deterrent (威慑) for kids,” said Kristen Polland, 24, of Prattville, Ala. “If you start there, you have won half of the battle.” Rhonda Vanover, 43, of Cincinnati, on the other hand, said: “No one is going to stop me – unless they make it illegal. Cigarettes get me through the day. They are part of my life.” The labels also include images of a smoker wearing an oxygen mask and a mother and baby with smoke nearby. Some images are not frightening at all; one shows a man wearing an “I Quit” T-shirt. The warnings will take up the entire top half – both front and back – of a pack of cigarettes. They must also appear in advertisements and make up 20 percent of each ad. Cigarette makers will have to run all nine labels. They have until the fall of 2012 to put the measure into practice. 9. The awful images will be used on cigarette packs in the US because ______. A. they have proved to be highly effective at preventing people smoking B. they strike danger and terror into the heart immediately C. smokers are unaware of the risks of smoking D. present warnings are not creative enough 10. Which of the following statements about the new labels is TRUE? A. They will appear over the whole pack of cigarettes, both front and back. B. The change to cigarette packs is the greatest in history. C. All the nine new images to be used are quite shocking. D. They are intended to work on both adults and children. 11. What can we learn about smoking in the US from the article? A. The number of smokers will be reduced to 213,000 in a few years. B. The smoking rate is dropping steadily year by year. C. 443,000 deaths are related to smoking every year. D. Smoking is the main cause of deadly diseases in the US. 12. What could be the best title for the text? A. Be aware of how ugly smoking is! B. New cigarette packs are welcomed C. Cigarette packs will tell ugly truth D. Why cigarette packs matter? D Many fathers these days want it all – time with kids, promotion at work and a partner who shares the parenting duties. With Father’s Day just around the corner, a new study surveying nearly 1,000 fathers in the United States working at Fortune 500 firms takes a look at just how hard it is for dads to balance their work and life goals. The study entitled “The New Dad: Caring, Committed and Conflicted” was published on Wednesday by the Boston College Center for Work & Family. Dads have long been celebrated for their role as breadwinner in the family. But now the main role for men with children under the age of 18 still living at home is the softer side of being a father – providing love and support. More than half of all fathers surveyed said they would consider not working outside the home if the family was able to live comfortably on one salary, a surprising change, said Brad Harrington, executive director of the center. “There’s a lot of new thinking,” said Harrington. But there was also an inability to let go of some of the more traditional roles that fathers have played. There was also an unwillingness to take up some of the responsibilities that have traditionally been women’s, he said. For example, the study showed dads did not view day-to-day childcare tasks as a top concern, and often left their partner to look after the baby and the laundry. Despite a desire to spend more quality time with the kids, after the birth of their children dads did not cut their working hours and said they were expected to do the same or more at the office, Harrington said. Most dads acknowledged that parenting duties should be divided equally, but this rarely happened that way, the study showed. This does not mean that dads are not putting family first. Job security was by far the most important thing to fathers, the study showed, with high earnings and promotions taking a back seat. 13. According to the survey, ______. A. fathers can balance work and life very well B. fathers are going through a difficult time C. fathers are tired of the role of breadwinner D. fathers want more time with their children 14. After the birth of their baby, fathers _______. A. cut their working hours B. take up day-to-day childcare C. may take on more work D. value promotions more 15. Which of the following is TRUE according to the article? A. Many fathers could accept a stay-at-home role. B. Most fathers surveyed were unwilling to share parenting duties. C. Most fathers surveyed used to put family before anything else. D. Most fathers surveyed still consider high income the most important thing in life. 16. What would be the best title for the article? A. Men are encouraged to stay at home with kids B. New dads are struggling to balance family and career C. Sharing parenting duties equally is impossible D. Men’s traditional roles are beginning to change E As the e-mail hits 40, is a midlife crisis (危机) on the cards? A few weeks ago, electronic mail, or e-mail, hit the respectable age of 40. When Ray Tomlinson, a young computer engineer, sent the first e-mail in 1971, he could only have guessed at how e-mail would have an impact on the way we communicate both in business and personal life. E-mail has transformed the way people shop, bank, conduct business, and communicate with family members. Now an essential tool for about one billion mobile workers across the globe, e-mail continues to dominate (统治) the way in which we communicate. Four decades since the first message, e-mail seems to be going strong. But is e-mail about to hit a midlife crisis? With web workers now using more software and social business tools to communicate and share information, are we going to see e-mail’s rule come to an end? E-mail might be a great communication tool, but it doesn’t seem to be a tool for working with others. Anyone who has tried to bring together feedback (反馈) from many colleagues on a document over e-mail knows how painful the process can be. No one seems to remember which version the team is working on and there is always that one person who sends over some “final amendments” overnight. Hours can be wasted waiting for e-mails to go back and forth, searching through inboxes for missing documents. Therefore, it is little wonder that web workers across the globe are turning to the likes of Dropbox, Evernote or Huddle for storing and sharing files. The demand for simplicity in the workplace has increased. Despite all those challenges, however, removing e-mail from the workplace completely will require more than just introducing easy-to-use tools in the office. It’s so much a part of our daily working lives and moving to other tools will require a culture change. While e-mail may not dominate workplace communication for another 40 years, there’s life in it yet! 17. What does the underlined phrase “on the cards” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. enough to destroy it B. easy to recover C. likely to happen D. definitely about to happen 18. What is the main challenge to e-mail in the workplace? A. It is not a widely accepted communication tool. B. More and more easy-to-use tools are being brought in. C. It is inconvenient for sharing files and documents. D. It has reached its midlife crisis. 19. Which of the following statements about e-mail is TRUE? A. Ray Tomlinson was sure that it would have great impact on communication. B. Sometimes it’s a waste of time to wait for e-mails to go back and forth. C. It is more influential in people’s personal lives than in business. D. It will continue to dominate communication for another 40 years. 20. What is the main point of this article? A. E-mail could be replaced by other tools. B. The current situation of e-mail and the challenges it faces. C. Why e-mail is so popular. D. The side effects of new technology.（答案解析见A33版） |  |
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