英美人提到pig时,习惯将其与迟钝、懒惰、肮脏、贪婪等意义联系在一起,与此相关的表达方式也有很多,如pigsty、pigpen都指“猪圈或肮脏的地方”;to make a pig of oneself指“吃得太多”;to be a pig about…指“对……贪得无厌”;to teach a pig to play on a flute指“做荒诞或不可能的事”。 swine
Swine在口语中多含贬义,可以指“遭人鄙视、令人讨厌的人或事物”。英语成语中有cast pearls before swine,意为“对牛弹琴、将珍贵的东西送给不识货者”,此语出自《圣经马太福音》:“Do not give what is holy to the dogs; nor cast your pearls before swine, lest they trample them under their feet, and turn and tear you in pieces.”(Matthew 7:6, The New Testament)
sow
英语中的sow(母猪)含有“毫无价值、质量低劣”的国俗语义,如something of a sow’s ear指“无价值的东西、蹩脚货”。英语谚语You can’t make a silk purse out of a sow’s ear.可译成“劣材难成美器”,也可说成You can’t
make a horn of a pig’s tail。此外,sow还经常用来喻指“粗俗、懒惰的女人和下流的荡妇”,相关的表达方式有as drunk as a sow(烂醉如泥)。