Shakespeare's functional shift can excite brain activity(28769)-英语教育-(67)-21英语网

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　　英国一项最新研究发现，阅读莎士比亚著作能刺激大脑进行积极活动。原因在于莎士比亚写作所用的特殊语言技巧如功能转换等，能使大脑在理解语言意义时出现瞬间活动高峰。

　　RESEARCH at the University of Liverpool, UK, has found that Shakespeare’s language excites positive brain activity.

　　Shakespeare uses a linguistic technique known as functional shift that involves, for example， using a noun to serve as a verb. Researchers found that this technique allows the brain to understand what a word means before it understands the function of the word within a sentence. This process causes a sudden peak in brain activity and forces the brain to work backwards in order to fully understand what Shakespeare is trying to say.

　　Professor Philip Davis, from the university’s School of English, said: “The brain reacts to reading a phrase such as ‘he godded me’ from the tragedy of Coriolanus, in a similar way to putting a jigsaw puzzle together. If it is easy to see which pieces slot together you become bored of the game. But if the pieces don’t appear to fit, when we know they should, the brain becomes excited. By throwing odd words into seemingly normal sentences, Shakespeare surprises the brain and catches it off guard in a manner that produces a sudden burst of activity ? a sense of drama created out of the simplest of things.”

　　Experts believe that this heightened brain activity may be one of the reasons why Shakespeare’s plays have such a dramatic impact on their readers.

　　Professor Neil Roberts, from the university’s Magnetic Resonance and Image Analysis Research Centre, and Professor Davis, together with Dr Guillaune Thierry, from the University of Wales, UK, monitored 20 participants using an electroencephalogram (EEG) as they read selected lines from Shakespeare’s plays.

　　“The brain signature is relatively uneventful when we understand the meaning of a word but when the word changes the grammar of the whole sentence, brain readings suddenly peak. The brain is then forced to retrace its thinking process in order to understand what it is supposed to make of this unusual word,” explains Professor Roberts.

　　