● upsetting things such as cancer, death, and dying——大多数人避免谈论令人悲痛或不快的事情,如疾病和死亡。癌症cancer一般会改用 terminally ill。有关死亡的委婉词汇也有很多casket=coffin,pass on/away =die, earthly remains = dead body。精神方面的疾病也是一个禁忌的话题。除了委婉语,缩略语也用来避免直接谈论某一疾病,如:AIDS。
● disgusting things such as vomit and nose picking——像呕吐或抠鼻子等不雅的事也会避讳谈论。