训练写作方面的能力最简单的办法就是模仿课文写作。学生一开始对好的文章往往缺乏鉴赏力,需要教师帮助分析总结哪里值得学习。教师可以从语篇结构分析入手,再分析细节安排,最后分析语言特色。模仿写作不仅利于学生巩固课文中所学词汇,同时也能降低写作的难度,增加学生写作的兴趣。下面以综合英语教程(An Integrated English Course)第三单元中短文为例:
Joe and Bob are two brothers. They have the same habits and hobbies. They both get up late. They both play the piano well. They both draw pictures beautifully.
However, sometimes they are different from each other. Joe does his homework carefully, but Bob doesn't. Joe eats slowly, but Bob eats very fast. Joe helps his mother gladly, but Bob hates housework.
笔者首先和学生一起找出第一段的中心句:They have the same habits and hobbies.再找出第二段的中心句:However, sometimes they are different from each other.之后找出每个中心句的三个说明细节,同时让学生找出说明相同点和不同点时各用了什么词(both和but),及两段过渡自然的原因(连词however),并指出第二段最后三句话没有一味重复but Bob doesn't,而是恰当地使用反义词slowly-fast, gladly-hate来表达不同。
(2)She wears a red coat.-She is dressed in a red coat.
2.避免使用笼统的词。教师要适时引导,让学生掌握更多的高级词汇。
(1)The food is nice. -The food is delicious and inviting.
(2)The smell is bad. - The smell is stenchy.
(3)The man is walking down the street. -The man is strolling down the street.
3.多教学生造长句。如:句型It's good to …,当学生写出It is good to eat less fried food.时,可鼓励他们把句子加长,如:It is good to eat less fried food and drink less soft drinks such as Coke or Sprite.
4.注意形象化和具体的细节描写。
比如学生讲到交通,只会用"拥挤"或"方便"来表达,没有具体细节,这时教师可以适时补充 :
The traffic is busy, and the cars are moving at a snail's pace.
The traffic is convenient because the bus stops and underground stations are within walking distance.